🏃 Health and Exercise
📚 Ways with Words
A. Match the words with their meanings
| Definition | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. in spite of what has just been said or referred to | Ans: nevertheless |
| b. a strong desire or impulse | Ans: urge |
| c. the ability to continue trying to do something, although it is very difficult | Ans: determination |
| d. to attract attention to or emphasize something important | Ans: highlight |
| e. arguing about things that are not important | Ans: bickering |
| f. not having things or conditions that are usually considered necessary | Ans: deprivation |
| g. continue to exist | Ans: persist |
| h. soft loose flesh on a person's body | Ans: flab |
| i. to improve or increase something | Ans: boost |
| j. a limiting condition on something | Ans: restriction |
Make sentences of your own using the same words in bold type.
| Word | Sentence |
|---|---|
| a. Nevertheless | Ans: Nevertheless the idea of the value of improving breeds is gaining ground. |
| b. Urge | Ans: She fought back the urge to run. |
| c. Determination | Ans: Determination was her motivation to stand up to the bully. |
| d. Highlight | Ans: Do you know what he highlighted in red? |
| e. Bickering | Ans: Maybe he meant he was sick of all the bickering with his family. |
| f. Deprivation | Ans: They are often targeted on areas of multiple deprivation. |
| g. Persist | Ans: If the symptoms persist, contact your doctor. |
| h. Flab | Ans: I wish everyone who is fighting the flab the very best of luck. |
| i. Boost | Ans: Drama also boosts the communication skills of students with special needs. |
| j. Restriction | Ans: Both these propositions were, with some restrictions, secured. |
B. Words ending in '-ionand-ness`
The words restriction and awareness are nouns with the suffixes -ion and -ness. Make a list of as many words as you can that end in these suffixes.
| -ion | -ness |
|---|---|
| pollution | politeness |
| invention | goodness |
| invention | badness |
| solution | usefulness |
| substitution | kindness |
| partition | |
| evolution |
📖 Comprehension
A. Write whether the following statements are True, False or Not Given.
| Statement | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. During the holidays people eat and drink more than usual. | Ans: True |
| b. Getting too little exercise and eating too much is the reason why people put on weight. | Ans: True |
| c. David Allison’s research involved studying rats under laboratory conditions. | Ans: False |
| d. You may need to go shopping for clothes if you come down with a cold. | Ans: True |
| e. Adenovirus-36 (AD-36) decreases the percentage of fat in the fat cells. | Ans: False |
| f. Vaccination against infections could be used in the future to prevent obesity. | Ans: True |
| g. People under severe stress can experience breathing difficulties. | Ans: Not Given |
| h. A study indicates that mice that have never been on a diet choose fatty food, when given a choice between high-calorie or low-calorie food products. | Ans: False |
| i. Rajita Sinha has been studying the connection between brain activity and behaviour. | Ans: False |
| j. Specific hormones regulate our appetite. | Ans: True |
B. Answer the following questions.
a. In what sense are the holidays a time of excess? When can a person gain weight?
=> Answer: Holidays are called a time of excess because people usually indulge in more food and drink than they consume on ordinary days. Weight gain can occur when a person eats more than the body needs while failing to undertake enough physical exercise to use the extra energy.
b. According to David Allison, which factor contributes to excess obesity?
=> Answer: David Allison connects excessive obesity with the combination of overeating and insufficient exercise. A continuous imbalance between the amount of food consumed and the amount of physical activity can result in excess body weight.
c. What, according to Dhurandhar, can be the way of preventing fatness?
=> Answer: Dhurandhar suggests that vaccination against certain infections might serve as a possible way of preventing obesity. According to this idea, protecting people from particular infections could help reduce excessive fatness in the future.
d. What is the relationship between chill and obesity? How can saying ‘om’ help reduce fatness?
=> Answer: Staying calm may help people control unnecessary eating, thereby reducing the possibility of gaining excess fat. Saying ‘Om’ can encourage relaxation and help control urges, particularly those caused by stress that may lead to eating high-calorie foods.
e. Why is it necessary to be careful while buying plastic packaged fatty foods?
=> Answer: Caution is necessary when buying fatty foods packed in plastic because the packaging may contain endocrine-disrupting chemicals. These chemicals can interfere with the body's normal functions and may have harmful effects.
f. Why does Nelson suggest avoiding blue wavelengths of light at night?
=> Answer: Nelson recommends avoiding blue wavelengths during nighttime because they may disturb the body's normal processes. This disturbance can influence eating behaviour, possibly leading to greater calorie consumption and weight gain.
g. How does breathing polluted air affect one’s fatness?
=> Answer: Breathing polluted air may contribute to increased fatness by producing chronic inflammation in the body. This inflammation can interfere with the body's normal energy-burning processes and may encourage fat accumulation.
h. What is the link between sleep and weight?
=> Answer: The amount of sleep a person gets has a relationship with body weight. Inadequate sleep can disturb normal bodily processes and may increase the likelihood of gaining weight.
🧠 Critical Thinking
a. What do you do to keep yourself fit? What food do you avoid and why?
Ans:
I maintain my physical fitness by combining regular exercise with sensible eating habits. I try to remain active and make balanced choices when selecting my food.
I avoid junk food and heavily sugary products such as doughnuts, cakes and cookies. I also stay away from foods containing unhealthy fats, including processed meats, hydrogenated oils and shortening.
These foods are avoided because physical exercise alone cannot ensure fitness if one's diet is unhealthy. Junk food often contains high levels of sugar, fat and sodium but offers little nutritional value. Eating such products frequently can increase excess body fat and may also result in tiredness and low energy.
b. Healthy citizens are the greatest asset of a country. What can a state do to keep her citizens healthy?
Ans:
A healthy population is an important resource for the development of any nation. Citizens who are physically and mentally well can participate more effectively in the progress of their country. Therefore, the state should take appropriate measures to protect public health.
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The government should provide adequate and accessible health-care facilities for citizens.
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The state should place sufficient emphasis on education because it is important for maintaining mental and social health.
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Awareness of communicable diseases should be promoted through mass media and public awareness programmes.
- •
The government should provide proper vaccination against common communicable diseases.
✍️ Writing
a. Yoga can be good to stay physically and mentally healthy. Do you practice any yoga? Write an essay on the benefits of yoga.
Benefits of Yoga
Ans:
Yoga is a traditional practice that aims to maintain harmony between the body and the mind. It includes a combination of physical postures, breathing exercises and relaxation techniques, making it useful for a balanced lifestyle.
Practising yoga regularly can improve several aspects of physical health. Its various asanas can increase flexibility and strengthen the body. At the same time, yoga encourages an active lifestyle and can contribute to a better sense of physical well-being.
Its influence is not limited to the body. Yoga can help improve concentration, settle the mind and make emotional control easier. Regular practice may also strengthen social and emotional well-being and encourage a closer connection with nature.
The 21st of June is celebrated as the International Day of Yoga, helping people become more aware of the practice and its benefits.
Yoga can also develop patience and help individuals overcome negative thoughts. By encouraging mental clarity, it can help a person understand their own thoughts and feelings as well as their surroundings more clearly.
To conclude, yoga is beneficial for maintaining both physical and mental health. Regular practice can promote fitness, inner peace and overall well-being, supporting a healthier and longer life.
b. How can a person be mentally healthy? Provide about ten tips to a person to stay mentally fresh and healthy.
Ans:
A person's mental condition is an important part of overall health. Developing positive daily habits can help maintain mental freshness and emotional balance. The following practices are useful:
- •Get plenty of sleep.
- •Eat a healthy and balanced diet.
- •Take regular breaks.
- •Avoid alcohol, smoking and drugs.
- •Get enough sunlight.
- •Learn to manage stress.
- •Stay physically active and exercise regularly.
- •Spend time doing things you enjoy.
- •Connect with others and maintain healthy social relationships.
- •Explore and enjoy your own surroundings.
🔤 Grammar
B. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct verbs from the brackets.
a.
Everyone has problems in their life. Countries also have problems, and so does the world. One of the greatest problems is the growing population. The population in some countries is huge.
b.
A number of my friends love riding bicycles, but neither my brother nor my sister owns a cycle. At 4 o’clock, either my mother or father is coming to pick me up in a car.
c.
The pair of shoes on the floor is mine. The shoes were made in China. The three thousand rupees I spent on them was worth it.
C. Are the following sentences correct? If not, correct them.
a. Everyone of the workers receive the same benefits.
=> Answer: Everyone of the workers receives the same benefits.
b. There is two gerbils in my bathroom.
=> Answer: There are two gerbils in my bathroom.
c. Both of my friends live in Kathmandu.
=> Answer: Both of my friends live in Kathmandu.
d. Scissors is used to have our hair cut.
=> Answer: Scissors are used to have our hair cut.
e. You and your friends are welcome to join us.
=> Answer: You and your friends are welcome to join us.
f. Are the news on at five or six?
=> Answer: Is** the news on at five or six?
g. The man with all his children live in the city.
=> Answer: The man with all his children lives in the city.
h. Mathematics are Prem's favourite subject, while Economics is Alina's favourite subject.
=> Answer: Mathematics is Prem's favourite subject, while Economics is Alina's favourite subject.
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