Career and Entrepreneurship
π Ways with Words
A. Find the words from the text which mean the following. The first letter has been given.
| S.N. | Meaning | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| a. | making you feel physically relaxed; pleasant to wear, sit on, etc. | Ans: comfortable |
| b. | having a degree from the university | Ans: graduated |
| c. | without being connected with or influenced by something or by each other | Ans: independently |
| d. | the introduction of new things, ideas or ways of doing something | Ans: innovation |
| e. | familiar with something, having read, seen or experienced it | Ans: acquainted |
| f. | a person who makes money by starting or running businesses, especially when this involves taking financial risks | Ans: entrepreneur |
| g. | an opportunity or a place for somebody to express their opinions publicly or make progress in a particular area | Ans: platform |
| h. | to use something, especially for a practical purpose | Ans: utilize |
B. Write the plural forms of the following nouns.
| S.N. | Singular Noun | Plural Form |
|---|---|---|
| a. | calf | calves |
| b. | basis | bases |
| c. | sheaf | sheaves |
| d. | cactus | cacti / cactuses |
| e. | louse | lice |
| f. | crisis | crises |
| g. | person | people / persons |
| h. | formula | formulas |
| i. | ox | oxen |
| j. | fungus | fungi |
| k. | goose | geese |
| l. | oasis | oases |
| m. | analysis | analyses |
| n. | curriculum | curricula |
| o. | appendix | appendixes |
| p. | fungus | fungi |
π Comprehension
a. How did Mahabir Pun begin his lifelong journey in Nepal after coming back to Nepal from the US?
=> Answer: After returning to Nepal from the US, Mahabir Pun chose to remain in his native village, Nangi of Myagdi district. He began serving the local people as a volunteer teacher and helped them establish a high school. This community-based service marked the beginning of his lifelong journey of working for Nepal.
b. Why didn't he want to work for other companies in the US or in Nepal?
=> Answer: Pun did not wish to join other companies in either the US or Nepal because he was not attracted by the idea of earning a βso calledβ better living through regular employment. He wanted to remain independent, work according to his own ideas, and dedicate his efforts to activities that could benefit human beings.
c. Why did he involve in innovation?
=> Answer: He became involved in innovation because he wanted to address existing difficulties and discover effective solutions to different problems.
d. What are the income-generating programmes that he helped to start?
=> Answer: The income-generating programmes that he helped to start are Yak farming, camping ground for the trekkers, cheese making, jam making, paper making, bee keeping, vegetable farming, handicraft making, fish farming, etc.
e. Whose support is Pun getting to proceed with his campaign?
=> Answer: Pun is getting the support of communities to proceed with his campaign.
f. How have the developed countries become prosperous?
=> Answer: Developed countries have achieved prosperity by placing research and innovation among their highest priorities. They have invested large amounts of money and resources in these fields, enabling new ideas and discoveries to contribute to national development.
g. How can we keep the most talented and innovative people in Nepal?
=> Answer: Nepal can retain talented and innovative individuals by establishing a stable and supportive environment for their work. If creative people receive proper encouragement, facilities, and a reliable support system, they can work peacefully and contribute their abilities within Nepal.
π Critical Thinking
a. Pun says, βWe do not have culture of innovation that encourages young people to be innovative and creativeβ. Do you agree with him? Explain.
-> Answer: Yes, I agree with Pun's observation to a considerable extent. A culture of innovation provides people with the freedom and encouragement to question existing practices, experiment with new ideas, and search for practical solutions. When creativity is not valued, even talented individuals may hesitate to take risks or introduce something different.
Nepal is still a developing country, and its development has been comparatively slow. Our education system continues to depend greatly on traditional methods of teaching and learning. Students are often expected to concentrate on textbooks, classrooms, examinations, and written achievement rather than research, experimentation, and independent thinking. Such an approach gives young people limited space to explore their creativity.
Another problem is the lack of sufficient opportunities for young people who want to pursue unusual or innovative ideas. Instead of receiving encouragement to experiment and develop their abilities within the country, many students search for better educational and professional opportunities abroad. The large number of students leaving Nepal for higher education reflects this situation.
In contrast, industrialised nations have recognised the importance of research and innovation in national progress. They provide considerable financial investment and institutional support for research and development. Nepal also needs to follow a similar direction by encouraging research-based education and creating opportunities for creative young people.
Therefore, developing a culture that accepts experimentation, responsible risk-taking, original thinking, and new ideas is essential. If young people are given proper encouragement and support, they can become important contributors to Nepal's development.
b. What qualities does an individual need to become an entrepreneur?
-> Answer: An entrepreneur needs several personal qualities and practical abilities to turn an idea into a successful venture. Creativity is important, but it must be accompanied by determination, planning, discipline, and the ability to deal with difficulties.
A successful entrepreneur should first have a clear vision of what they want to accomplish. Being able to imagine future success helps a person develop a direction for a business. Along with vision, careful planning is necessary because an unprepared entrepreneur may face unexpected problems involving management, finance, and business operations.
Persistence is another essential characteristic. Starting and running a business can involve repeated challenges, failures, and pressure. Therefore, an entrepreneur must remain committed to the goal and continue working even when immediate results are not achieved. Discipline and a strong work ethic are equally necessary because entrepreneurial success demands regular effort and responsibility.
Proper time management is also valuable. Entrepreneurs should know how to organise their responsibilities and determine which tasks deserve their direct attention. When another person can complete a particular task more efficiently, delegating it can save valuable time and allow the entrepreneur to concentrate on more important business activities.
Confidence and the ability to earn the respect of others are also important. Entrepreneurs often have to make decisions in uncertain situations and accept financial or professional risks. Although no entrepreneur can have complete security, those who combine innovation, vision, perseverance, discipline, planning, time management, and hard work have a much stronger foundation for achieving success.
π€ Grammar
E. Use the correct tense of the verbs in brackets.
| S.N. | Sentence | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| a. | I donβt know where Muna is. Have you seen (you/see) her? | Ans: Have you seen |
| b. | Janak wasnβt (not/be) very well last week. | Ans: wasnβt |
| c. | Last night I lost (lose) my keys. So I stayed in my friendβs home. | Ans: lost |
| d. | I have lost (lose) my keys. Can you help me look for them? | Ans: have lost |
| e. | I have known (know) Jamuna for three years. We still meet once a month. | Ans: have known |
| f. | She lived (live) in Sikkim when she was a child. | Ans: lived |
| g. | A: Whatβs wrong? B: I have broken (break) a glass. | Ans: have broken |
| h. | A: When did you arrive (you/arrive)? B: At 10 pm last night. | Ans: did you arrive |
| i. | How long have you known (you/know) Sarmila for? | Ans: have you known |
| j. | This is the first time I have driven (drive) a car. | Ans: have driven |
F. Use been or gone.
| S.N. | Sentence | Answer |
|---|---|---|
| a. | Iβve never been to Japan. | Ans: been |
| b. | Kalpana has gone to Korea. She may come back next year. | Ans: gone |
| c. | A: Whereβs Rachana? B: She has gone to the shops. | Ans: gone |
| d. | Harina was here earlier but I think she has gone now. | Ans: gone |
| e. | Have you ever been to London? | Ans: been |