📚 Communication

📝 Ways with Words

A. Crossword Puzzle

The words in the crossword puzzle are taken from the text. Find them in the text according to the clues.

B. Use the Following Words in Sentences of Your Own

🔤 C. Word Formation: Adjectives and Adverbs

b. Write the following words in the right columns. Change the adjectives into adverbs and nouns into adjectives.

Adjectives and Adverbs

Nouns and Adjectives

c. Fill in the Gaps with the Appropriate Adjective or Adverb

i. Pramila is playing quietly (quiet/quietly).

ans: Pramila is playing quietly.

ii. Hari speaks very loudly (loud/loudly).

ans: Hari speaks very loudly.

iii. Mukesh is a careful (careful/carefully) driver.

ans: Mukesh is a careful driver.

iv. The test was easy (easy/easily) and we finished in time.

ans: The test was easy and we finished in time.

v. He is fitting the automatic (automatic/automatically) door in my house.

ans: He is fitting the automatic door in my house.

vi. My uncle speaks perfect (perfect/perfectly) Chinese.

ans: My uncle speaks perfect Chinese.

vii. It was raining very heavily (heavy/heavily).

ans: It was raining very heavily.

viii. She looked very calm (calm/calmly), but I am sure she was feeling very nervous.

ans: She looked very calm, but I am sure she was feeling very nervous.

📖 Comprehension

Answer the Following Questions

a. Why is freewriting also called ‘automatic writing’?

ans: Freewriting is called ‘automatic writing’ because the writer allows thoughts to come out continuously instead of interrupting the process to correct language. During this activity, the writer does not give immediate attention to spelling, grammar, or restrictions related to the subject. The main focus is on keeping ideas moving and recording them naturally.

b. How do you differentiate writing from speaking?

ans: Writing has a permanent form, so it can be revisited and improved after it has been produced. A writer can reorganize ideas, correct mistakes, and edit the language whenever necessary. Written material can also be stored and examined later, making it useful as evidence. Speech is generally temporary because spoken words have already been expressed and cannot normally be changed afterward.

c. What is the biggest obstacle in the writing process, according to Elbow? Do you agree with him? Why? Why not?

ans: Elbow identifies excessive concern during the early stage of writing as a major difficulty. A writer may become distracted by deciding what to write, finding the most suitable words, checking grammar, and editing before the ideas have fully developed. I agree with him because too much attention to correctness can interrupt the natural development of ideas. When a writer constantly tries to perfect each sentence, it becomes harder to continue writing freely.

d. How can freewriting overcome ‘writer’s block’?

ans: Freewriting can break writer’s block by removing the pressure to produce a perfect piece from the beginning. Writer’s block often results from worrying about the topic, arrangement of ideas, or choice of vocabulary. Freewriting encourages the writer to continue putting thoughts on paper without imposing strict controls. Once the flow begins, hesitation decreases and additional ideas become easier to produce.

e. What do you mean by ‘voice’ in writing?

ans: ‘Voice’ is the individual quality that makes a writer’s expression distinctive. It develops through the writer’s vocabulary, choice of words, style, rhythm, and personal manner of expressing thoughts. It gives written work its own character and separates one writer’s expression from another’s.

f. Elbow uses a simile to explain that freewriting “is like writing something and putting it in a bottle in the sea.” What does this mean? Explain.

ans: The comparison means that freewriting should be produced without immediate concern about its reader or evaluator. When a message is put into a bottle and released into the sea, the sender has no certainty about who will find it or whether it will be read. Likewise, a freewriter simply places thoughts on the page without worrying about criticism, judgment, or correction at that moment. The writer can deal with improvement later.

🧠 Critical Thinking

a. How does the author persuade readers in this essay? What is he trying to communicate to the readers?

ans: The author persuades readers by explaining the usefulness of freewriting and showing how it can make writing less difficult. His main purpose is to encourage writers to stop treating the first stage of writing as if every sentence must already be perfect.

According to the author, the generation of ideas should be allowed to happen without constant interruption. If a writer repeatedly stops to worry about grammar, spelling, vocabulary, organization, or early editing, the natural flow of thought can be restricted. The writer therefore advises producing ideas first and improving the work at a later stage.

The author also draws attention to “voice” in writing. Voice is connected with sound, rhythm, and the natural energy found in expression. It gives a piece of writing an individual quality and helps make it appealing to readers.

Through these points, the author encourages readers to practise freewriting repeatedly. He wants them to become comfortable with spontaneous expression and to develop greater confidence in their own writing process.

b. Elbow said, freewriting “is an exercise in bringing together the process of producing words and putting them down on the page.” Do you agree with his statement? Why? Why not?

ans: Yes, I agree with Elbow’s statement because freewriting brings the creation of thoughts and their written expression into one continuous activity. The writer does not wait until every thought is completely polished before recording it. Instead, ideas are written down as they develop.

This approach is helpful because continuous self-correction can interfere with the writer’s concentration. If a person keeps stopping to examine grammar, spelling, word choice, or style, the flow of ideas may be lost. Freewriting gives the writer permission to continue without dealing with every mistake immediately.

Once the first set of ideas has been recorded, the writer can return to the work and improve it. At that stage, editing can be used to correct errors and make the writing clearer and better organized.

Therefore, freewriting is a useful exercise for connecting thought with written expression. Frequent practice can help writers become more fluent and less hesitant when beginning a piece of writing.

c. How did you learn to write? What was particularly difficult in writing? What inspired you to write? What are some of the challenges that you still face while writing?

ans: I developed my writing skills by practising freewriting on different subjects with guidance from my English teacher. In the beginning, starting a composition was particularly difficult for me. I often struggled to organize the ideas in my mind and express them properly in words. Through continued practice, however, I gradually became more comfortable with writing.

I became more motivated to write after creating a blog page and making blog writing a regular activity. Reading and writing different types of materials, such as stories, reports, and news-related articles, also increased my interest in writing.

I still encounter several difficulties when I write:

1. •
   Grammatical errors

1. •
   Spelling errors
2. •
   Lack of ideas

1. •
   Poor creativity

✍️ Writing

C. Write a Paragraph on Any One of the Following Topics.

a. My School Library

b. Moral Values I Like Most

📘 Grammar

B. Rewrite the Following Sentences with the Adverbs in the Appropriate Place.

i. I watch television. (often)

ans: I often watch television.

ii. Have you been to Janakpur? (ever)

ans: Have you ever been to Janakpur?

iii. They play football on Saturday. (sometimes)

ans: They sometimes play football on Saturday.

iv. The weather is bad in November. (always)

ans: The weather is always bad in November.

v. We have fish for dinner. (seldom)

ans: We seldom have fish for dinner.

vi. Pritam doesn’t get up before seven. (usually)

ans: Pritam usually gets up after seven.

vii. I was very tired and I was hungry. (also)

ans: I was very tired and I was also hungry.

viii. Did you enjoy the flight? (both)

ans: Did you both enjoy the flight?

C. Rewrite the Following Sentences Placing the Underlined Words in the Right Position.

i. I never have understood her.

ans: I have never understood her.

ii. We are often invited to the parties.

ans: We are often invited to the parties.

iii. We all were tired, so we all fell asleep.

ans: We were all tired, so we all fell asleep.

iv. Rajan drives always to work.

ans: Rajan always drives to work.

v. Pradip hardly ever watches television, but he reads newspapers a lot.

ans: Pradip hardly ever watches television, but he reads newspapers a lot.

vi. We enjoyed very much the party.

ans: We enjoyed the party very much.

vii. My brother speaks fluently English.

ans: My brother speaks English fluently.