🏃 Health and Exercise
📚 Ways with Words
A. Match the words with their meanings
| Definition | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. in spite of what has just been said or referred to | Ans: nevertheless |
| b. a strong desire or impulse | Ans: urge |
| c. the ability to continue trying to do something, although it is very difficult | Ans: determination |
| d. to attract attention to or emphasize something important | Ans: highlight |
| e. arguing about things that are not important | Ans: bickering |
| f. not having things or conditions that are usually considered necessary | Ans: deprivation |
| g. continue to exist | Ans: persist |
| h. soft loose flesh on a person's body | Ans: flab |
| i. to improve or increase something | Ans: boost |
| j. a limiting condition on something | Ans: restriction |
Make sentences of your own using the same words in bold type.
| Word | Sentence |
|---|---|
| a. Nevertheless | Ans: Nevertheless the idea of the value of improving breeds is gaining ground. |
| b. Urge | Ans: She fought back the urge to run. |
| c. Determination | Ans: Determination was her motivation to stand up to the bully. |
| d. Highlight | Ans: Do you know what he highlighted in red? |
| e. Bickering | Ans: Maybe he meant he was sick of all the bickering with his family. |
| f. Deprivation | Ans: They are often targeted on areas of multiple deprivation. |
| g. Persist | Ans: If the symptoms persist, contact your doctor. |
| h. Flab | Ans: I wish everyone who is fighting the flab the very best of luck. |
| i. Boost | Ans: Drama also boosts the communication skills of students with special needs. |
| j. Restriction | Ans: Both these propositions were, with some restrictions, secured. |
B. Words ending in '-ionand-ness`
The words restriction and awareness are nouns formed with the suffixes -ion and -ness. Some examples are given below:
| -ion | -ness |
|---|---|
| pollution | politeness |
| invention | goodness |
| invention | badness |
| solution | usefulness |
| substitution | kindness |
| partition | |
| evolution |
📖 Comprehension
A. Write whether the following statements are True, False or Not Given.
| Statement | Answer |
|---|---|
| a. During the holidays people eat and drink more than usual. | Ans: True |
| b. Getting too little exercise and eating too much is the reason why people put on weight. | Ans: True |
| c. David Allison’s research involved studying rats under laboratory conditions. | Ans: False |
| d. You may need to go shopping for clothes if you come down with a cold. | Ans: True |
| e. Adenovirus-36 (AD-36) decreases the percentage of fat in the fat cells. | Ans: False |
| f. Vaccination against infections could be used in the future to prevent obesity. | Ans: True |
| g. People under severe stress can experience breathing difficulties. | Ans: Not Given |
| h. A study indicates that mice that have never been on a diet choose fatty food, when given a choice between high-calorie or low-calorie food products. | Ans: False |
| i. Rajita Sinha has been studying the connection between brain activity and behaviour. | Ans: False |
| j. Specific hormones regulate our appetite. | Ans: True |
B. Answer the following questions.
a. In what sense are the holidays a time of excess? When can a person gain weight?
=> Answer: Holidays often become periods of overindulgence because people tend to consume more food and beverages than they ordinarily would. Weight gain occurs when the amount of food taken in exceeds the body's needs, especially when this is accompanied by inadequate physical activity.
b. According to David Allison, which factor contributes to excess obesity?
=> Answer: David Allison points to an imbalance between food consumption and physical activity as an important contributor to obesity. Eating excessively while remaining physically inactive can therefore increase the likelihood of becoming obese.
c. What, according to Dhurandhar, can be the way of preventing fatness?
=> Answer: Dhurandhar proposes that protection against particular infections through vaccination might eventually offer a way to prevent obesity or excessive accumulation of body fat.
d. What is the relationship between chill and obesity? How can saying ‘om’ help reduce fatness?
=> Answer: Remaining relaxed may help a person control unnecessary eating and avoid gaining excess body fat. Repeating ‘Om’ can promote calmness, which may reduce stress-driven cravings and the tendency to consume calorie-rich foods.
e. Why is it necessary to be careful while buying plastic packaged fatty foods?
=> Answer: Extra caution is needed with fatty foods sold in plastic packaging because some plastics may release endocrine-disrupting substances. These chemicals can negatively influence normal bodily functions.
f. Why does Nelson suggest avoiding blue wavelengths of light at night?
=> Answer: Nelson advises limiting blue light during nighttime because it can disturb the body's natural processes. Such disruption may affect eating patterns and potentially encourage greater calorie consumption and weight gain.
g. How does breathing polluted air affect one’s fatness?
=> Answer: Exposure to polluted air may promote long-term inflammation within the body. This can disturb normal energy use and may make the body more likely to accumulate additional fat.
h. What is the link between sleep and weight?
=> Answer: Sleeping too little is associated with an increased possibility of gaining weight. Lack of sufficient sleep can interfere with normal bodily regulation and may therefore contribute to increased body weight.
🧠 Critical Thinking
a. What do you do to keep yourself fit? What food do you avoid and why?
Ans:
Staying physically fit requires a combination of regular movement and sensible eating habits. I try to maintain my fitness by exercising consistently and choosing a balanced diet.
I generally avoid junk food and products that contain large amounts of sugar, including doughnuts, cakes and cookies. I also limit unhealthy sources of fat such as processed meats, hydrogenated oils and shortening.
The reason for avoiding these foods is that regular exercise cannot fully compensate for an unhealthy diet. Junk foods tend to contain considerable amounts of sugar, fat and sodium while offering relatively little nutritional value. Eating them frequently may increase body fat and can also make a person feel tired and low in energy.
b. Healthy citizens are the greatest asset of a country. What can a state do to keep her citizens healthy?
Ans:
The health of a nation's population is closely connected with its overall progress and prosperity. Therefore, ensuring the physical and mental well-being of citizens should be an important duty of the state. Several measures can be adopted for this purpose:
- •
The government should make quality health-care services available and accessible to the general public.
- •
Since education plays an important role in physical, mental and social well-being, the state should provide people with adequate educational opportunities.
- •
Public awareness about communicable diseases should be increased through mass media and different awareness programmes.
- •
Citizens should have access to appropriate vaccination against common communicable diseases.
✍️ Writing
a. Yoga can be good to stay physically and mentally healthy. Do you practice any yoga? Write an essay on the benefits of yoga.
Benefits of Yoga
Ans:
Yoga is a traditional practice that encourages harmony between the physical body and the mind. It combines body postures, controlled breathing and relaxation techniques, making it useful for maintaining a balanced and healthy lifestyle.
One of the major advantages of practising yoga regularly is its positive effect on physical fitness. Various asanas can improve flexibility, develop strength and support an active way of life. Regular practice can also create a greater sense of physical comfort and well-being.
The practice is equally valuable for mental health. Yoga can improve concentration, promote a peaceful state of mind and make it easier to handle emotions. It may also encourage people to feel more connected with their surroundings and support their social and emotional well-being.
The 21st of June is celebrated as the International Day of Yoga, helping to increase global awareness of yoga and its benefits.
Another benefit of yoga is that it can encourage patience and lessen negative thinking. Through regular practice, people may develop greater mental clarity and a better understanding of themselves as well as the world around them.
In conclusion, yoga contributes to both physical fitness and mental well-being. Making it a regular part of life can promote inner calm, better health and a healthier, longer life.
b. How can a person be mentally healthy? Provide about ten tips to a person to stay mentally fresh and healthy.
Ans:
Mental well-being is an important part of a healthy and balanced lifestyle. The following practices can help a person remain mentally fresh and healthy:
- •Get plenty of sleep.
- •Eat a healthy and balanced diet.
- •Take regular breaks.
- •Avoid alcohol, smoking and drugs.
- •Get enough sunlight.
- •Learn to manage stress.
- •Stay physically active and exercise regularly.
- •Spend time doing things you enjoy.
- •Connect with others and maintain healthy social relationships.
- •Explore and enjoy your own surroundings.
🔤 Grammar
B. Complete the sentences by choosing the correct verbs from the brackets.
a.
Everyone has problems in their life. Countries also have problems, and so does the world. One of the greatest problems is the growing population. The population in some countries is huge.
b.
A number of my friends love riding bicycles, but neither my brother nor my sister owns a cycle. At 4 o’clock, either my mother or father is coming to pick me up in a car.
c.
The pair of shoes on the floor is mine. The shoes were made in China. The three thousand rupees I spent on them was worth it.
C. Are the following sentences correct? If not, correct them.
a. Everyone of the workers receive the same benefits.
=> Answer: Everyone of the workers receives the same benefits.
b. There is two gerbils in my bathroom.
=> Answer: There are two gerbils in my bathroom.
c. Both of my friends live in Kathmandu.
=> Answer: Both of my friends live in Kathmandu.
d. Scissors is used to have our hair cut.
=> Answer: Scissors are used to have our hair cut.
e. You and your friends are welcome to join us.
=> Answer: You and your friends are welcome to join us.
f. Are the news on at five or six?
=> Answer: Is** the news on at five or six?
g. The man with all his children live in the city.
=> Answer: The man with all his children lives in the city.
h. Mathematics are Prem's favourite subject, while Economics is Alina's favourite subject.
=> Answer: Mathematics is Prem's favourite subject, while Economics is Alina's favourite subject.